WATER SYSTEM IN HOTEL

Water Distribution System in a Hotel

COLD WATER:

  1. Raising Main – It is a supply pipe line that rises from ground level to the storage tank on the roof top. Since the supply pressure is not enough, there are intermediate booster pumps to enable the water to reach the top storage tanks. Some times intermediate storage and multiple tanks are used for serving a group of intermediate floors. The water is stored in the storage tank through the raising main, the storage tank is located at the highest point in the building to ensure  a reasonable pressure in the distribution pipes .
  2. Discharge or Service Piping– Water for drinking, kitchen and wash basins etc. is directly taken from the rising main by branch pipe at different floors and flows into the service taps. The stop valves should be fitted immediately after the exit from the tanks for disconnecting the pipeline distribution system in case of leakage in tank or pipe system.
  3. Valves– are generally gate valves used to completely open or close the water lines .
  4. Storage Tanks 

Storage Tank

  1. Float Valve / Ball Valve – is a spherical rubber ball at the inlet pipe (at the top of the tank), drops down and opens the inlet when the water level falls and rises as the water level rises and finally closes the inlet when the tank is full. An alarm generally gives the signal that the tank is full.
  2. Silencer pipe – This is fitted at the end of the inlet pipe to lower the point of discharge a little above the bottom of the tank. It reduces the water filling noise in the tank.
  3. Overflow Pipe – It works when the float valve is out of water.
  4. Lid – Covers the tank.

Hot Water Generation and Distribution System:

Cold water raised to a temperature of 38oC is usually considered as hot. The operating temperature range is 49 to 60 degree celcius . In hotels the most prevalent system for hot water are:

  • Centralised hot water generation and distribution system.
  • Localised hot water generation and distribution system.

Centralised Hot Water System:

This system is usually employed in large hotels. Three different principles  used to generate hot water are:

  1. Direct Heating System
  2. Indirect Heating System
  3. Solar Water Heating System

Direct Heating System

  • This system involves natural circulation .
  • Hot water from the boiler circulates through a hot water tank called cylinder. 
  • Circulation continues because hot water being lighter rises up to the cylinder from the boiler and cold water descends down to the boiler.
  • The service pipes are taken from the cylinder to service taps.
  • A cold water  system is connected to the boiler from where cold water runs into the boiler via stop valves.
  • Whenever there is increase in volume of water and cylinder is unable to accommodate this, the resulting pressure would lead o the possible busting of pipes.
  • To avoid this possible bursting, the water is supplied to an overhead cistern.


Disadvantages:

  • Oxygen released while heating cold water causes rusting of boiler.
  • Boiling can lead to sever scale formation

 

FOR MORE INFO GO TO THE LINK: http://ihmhotelengineeringnotes.blogspot.com/2018/10/unit-6-water-systems.html